Triad - A chord of three tones arranged in thirds, e.g. the C-major triad c-e-g, root-third-fifth.

Down beat - The first beat; given by the conductor with a downward stroke.

Metronome - Invented by Maelzel in 1816, the instrument is used to indicate the exact tempo of a composition. An indication such as M.M. 60 indicates that the pendulum, with a weight at the bottom, makes 60 beats per minute. A slider is moved up and down the pendulum to decrease and increase the tempo. M.M. = 80 means that the time value of a quarter note is the equivalent of one pendulum beat when the slider is set at 80.

Music theory - The study of how music is put together.

Surdo - Brazilian snare drum.

Adjustable Thumb Rest - The thumb rest may be positioned for maximum player comfort.

Strophic - A term used to describe a song in which all the stanzas of the text are sung to the same music. The opposite of through-composed.

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